On this page:
C
C++
FORTRAN
Other Languages
Debuggers/Development Environments
C, C++ & FORTRAN: C
ccDescription: Solaris Studio C compiler TO RUN: athena% add -f sunsoft (for version 5.9) athena% add -f sunsoft_v12.3 (for version 5.12) athena% cc options file.c (or use makefile) athena% cc -flags gives a concise summary of command-line options There is online documentation; also local C Answers Note: On Linux machines, /usr/bin/cc is usually a link to gcc On machines running Ubuntu natty (11.04) or later, you may need to add one of the following command-line options to your compile command if you get errors about missing standard libraries (like -lm): -YP,/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu (64 bit systems) -YP,/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu (32 bit systems) Additionally, if you get errors about undefined symbols when compiling system header files, add one of the following command-line options: -I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu (64 bit systems) -I/usr/include/i386-linux-gnu (32 bit systems) |
gccDescription: GNU C compiler. There are several versions on Athena- the one in the Athena release is preferred. Some of the older ones won't run on debathena machines and aren't listed below (for any of these, type gcc -v to check version) TO RUN: athena% info gcc (for online help) athena% gcc options file.c There is a gcc Web page Note: To use older versions in lockers, type add -f gcc-3.4 or add -f gcc-4.0 first. On recent 64 bit Ubuntu releases, you may run into problems using older gcc releases. Symptoms include error messages like gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file or directory or suffix or operands invalid for 'push'. You may have to use a newer compiler release to get around this |
lintDescription: checks C programs for compliance with syntax and style rules TO RUN: athena% add sunsoft (for version 5.9) athena% add sunsoft_v12.3 (for version 5.12) athena% lint file.c athena% lint -flags gives a concise summary of command-line switches See also: cc, ftnchek, TotalView Note: This version of lint is supplied with the Solaris Studio compiler set and is designed to work with features supported by those compilers |
C, C++ & FORTRAN: C++
CCDescription: Solaris Studio C++ compiler TO RUN: athena% add sunsoft (for version 5.9) athena% add sunsoft_v12.3 (for version 5.12) athena% CC options file.C athena% CC -flags gives a concise summary of command-line options There is online documentation See also: g++ Note: Please read file /mit/sunsoft_v12.3/README.dynamic_linking for information on dynamic linking On machines running Ubuntu natty (11.04) or later, you may need to add one of the following command-line options to your compile command if you get errors about missing standard libraries (like -lm): -YP,/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu (64 bit systems) -YP,/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu (32 bit systems) Additionally, if you get errors about undefined symbols when compiling system header files, add one of the following command-line options: -I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu (64 bit systems) -I/usr/include/i386-linux-gnu (32 bit systems) |
g++Description: GNU C++ compiler. There are several versions on Athena- the one in the Athena release is preferred (for any of these, do gcc -v to check version) TO RUN: athena% info g++ (for online help) athena% g++ options file.cpp There is a gcc/g++ Web page See also: boost, CC, EiffelStudio, Erlang, gdc, Go, Rust Note: To use older versions in lockers, type add -f gcc-3.4 or add -f gcc-4.0 first. On recent 64 bit Ubuntu releases, you may run into problems using older gcc/g++ releases. You may need to use a newer compiler release to get around this |
C, C++ & FORTRAN: FORTRAN
f77Description: Solaris Studio FORTRAN 77 compiler TO RUN: athena% add sunsoft (for version 8.3) athena% add sunsoft_v12.3 (for version 8.6) athena% f77 options file.f athena% f77 -flags gives a concise summary of command-line options There is online documentation; also local FORTRAN Answers See also: ftnchek, g77/gfortran, f90 Note: Please read file /mit/sunsoft_v12.3/README.dynamic_linking for information on dynamic linking; this is really the f95 compiler running in f77 compatibility mode On machines running Ubuntu natty (11.04) or later, you may need to add one of the following command-line options to your compile command if you get errors about missing standard libraries (like -lm): -YP,/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu (64 bit systems) -YP,/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu (32 bit systems) Additionally, if you get errors about undefined symbols when compiling system header files, add one of the following command-line options: -I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu (64 bit systems) -I/usr/include/i386-linux-gnu (32 bit systems) |
g77/gfortranDescription: GNU FORTRAN 77/90 compiler TO RUN: athena% g77 options file.f ( for versions <4.0) athena% gfortran options file.f (for versions >=4.0) There is gnu documentation Note: The g77/gfortran compiler is a front-end to the gcc compiler g77 has been replaced by gfortran as of the 4.0 release. gfortran is mostly compliant with the FORTRAN 90 specification If you don't add or attach any locker, the gfortran version used will the the default version in the Athena release; there is also a f95 compiler in the Athena release based on gcc To use older versions in lockers, type add -f gcc-3.4 or add -f gcc-4.0 first; on recent 64 bit Ubuntu releases, you may run into problems when using older g77/gfortran versions in lockers- symptoms include errors like suffix or operands invalid for 'push'. You may have to use a newer compiler release to get around this |
f90/f95Description: Solaris Studio FORTRAN 90/95 compiler TO RUN: athena% add -f sunsoft (for version 8.3) athena% add -f sunsoft_v12.3 (for version 8.6) athena% f90 options file.f90 athena% f95 options file.f95 athena% f90 -flags gives a concise summary of command-line options There is online documentation; also local FORTRAN Answers See also: f77, g77/gfortran, ftnchek Note: Please read file /mit/sunsoft_v12.3/README.dynamic_linking for information on dynamic linking On machines running Ubuntu natty (11.04) or later, you may need to add one of the following command-line options to your compile command if you get errors about missing standard libraries (like -lm): -YP,/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu (64 bit systems) -YP,/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu (32 bit systems) Additionally, if you get errors about undefined symbols when compiling system header files, add one of the following command-line options: -I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu (64 bit systems) -I/usr/include/i386-linux-gnu (32 bit systems) |
ftnchekDescription: checks FORTRAN programs for compliance with syntax; similar to lint for C programs TO RUN: athena% ftnchek file.f There is a developer Web page and online documentation See also: f77, f90, g77/gfortran, lint, TotalView |
Other Languages
mlisp (Allegro Common Lisp)Description: Common Lisp programming language TO RUN: athena% add acl athena% mlisp [-I <image path and name>.dxl] options (to run Lisp only, command-line interface; type :exit at Lisp prompt to exit) athena% mlisp-xemacs & (to run Lisp only, xemacs interface) athena% mlisp-composer & (to run Lisp with Composer, xemacs interface; then ACL -> Composer -> Start Composer) athena% mlisp-composer-emacs & (to run Lisp with Composer, emacs interface) athena% mlisp-clim & (to run Lisp with CLIM, xemacs interface) athena% mlisp-clim-emacs & (to run Lisp with CLIM, emacs interface) To run CLIM demos, after loading mlisp-clim, type: (require :climdemo) followed by: (clim-demo:start-demo) There is 8.1 documentation, release notes and CLIM manual There is an online Lisp language reference manual. For a detailed hypertext Common Lisp guide see the Lisp HyperSpec from LispWorks; see also the FAQ, and the Dynamic Learning Center. There are free online books: On Lisp, Practical Common Lisp See also: clisp, Clojure, racket, scheme, SCM Note: This application is out of maintenance and the latest version on Athena will remain 8.1. Users can download a current Linux release ("Free Express Edition") subject to some limitations and license conditions; see vendor site for details. |
AMPLDescription: modeling language for mathematical optimization programming Licenses: We have 5 floating licenses. TO RUN: athena% add ampl athena% ampl (starts the interactive development environment) AMPL can be run with a built-in CPLEX solver (the default) or using one of two optional solvers, LOQO, or SNOPT To select LOQO as solver, type option solver loqo; at the ampl: prompt. To select SNOPT as solver, type option solver snopt; at the ampl: prompt. To exit, type quit at the ampl: prompt There is online documentation and SNOPT information and an AMPL newsgroup See also: GNU Linear Programming Kit, ipopt, lpsolve, snopt, TAO/PETSc Note: There are some AMPL free access options. |
awkDescription: pattern scanning and processing language. awk scans an input file inputfile for lines that match any of a set of patterns specified in scriptfile. With each pattern in scriptfile there can be an associated action that will be performed when a line of inputfile matches the pattern. A pattern-action statement has the form: pattern { action }. Either pattern or action may be omitted. If there is no action, the matching line is printed Individual awk commands are frequently used within shell or perl scripts to perform text transformations on fields within lines of text TO RUN: awk -f scriptfile inputfile |
clispDescription: Common Lisp compiler and interpreter. Also included are almost all of CLOS, a foreign language interface and a socket interface. An X11 interface is available through CLX and Garnet. Command line editing is provided by readline TO RUN: athena% clisp Author site is here See also: Allegro Common Lisp |
ClojureDescription: Java-based, LISP-like dynamic programming language that compiles to Java bytecode TO RUN: athena% clojure (to run interactively; see documentation for compiling to Java class files) There is a Web page, a reference guide, Wikipedia article and extended guide See also: Allegro Common Lisp, guile, Hugs 98, Java Development Kit, jython, Kotlin, racket, scheme, SCM Note: This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the clojure Ubuntu package using aptitude or synaptic |
cobraDescription: .NET/mono programming language compiler. cobra is a new language, under active development. It supports quick, expressive coding, fast execution, static and dynamic binding and language-level support for quality TO RUN: athena% add -f mono athena% cobra -c file.cobra (to compile file.cobra to CIL byte code file.exe) athena% mono options file.exe (to execute CIL byte code file file.exe) athena% cobra -h (to see all cobra command-line options) The main Cobra page is here; documentation starts from here See also: fsharpc, gdc, Java Development Kit, mcs, scala |
cTNote: (old and no longer supported by authors- not recommended for new work) Description: interpreted programming language for authoring and executing applications with menus, buttons etc. Code is easily ported across machine architectures (UNIX, PC, Mac) TO RUN: athena% add ct athena% cT file.t (authoring version, file.t is a cT source file) To run cT binaries: In next run command, myfile refers to a file myfile.machine.ctb, which is a binary file created from a cT source file by running the authoring version on the source file and saving as binary (Option -> Make Binary); machine is an architecture descriptor generated by the cT authoring program. For example, starting with cT source file myfile.t on a Linux machine one would get myfile.linux.ctb as the saved binary file; to run under the executor version, use myfile only- do not add the extension athena% cTx myfile (executor version) athena% cT -x myfile (same as above, using authoring version) There is a cT information page |
EiffelStudioDescription: development environment and command-line compiler for the Eiffel programming language. This is an object-oriented language that incorporates "programming by contract" in addition to the usual features of object-oriented languages TO RUN: athena% add eiffel athena% estudio (to run IDE) athena% ec options file (to use command-line compiler to compile Eiffel source file file. See also README.hello_world) Documentation is here; see also the local README.athena and the Eiffel Home Page, and gobo utility documentation. There is also an archival documentation site See also: Erlang, gdc, ghc, Hugs 98, OCaml, python, ruby, scala, sml, g++ |
ErlangDescription: functional programming language that incorporates features more commonly associated with an operating system such as concurrent processes, scheduling, memory management, distributed computing and networking TO RUN: athena% erl options files At the erl > prompt: 1> toolbar:start(). starts the toolbar 2> halt(). will exit the runtime Documentation is here and here; see also the Erlang Home Page See also: EiffelStudio, Fantom, ghc, Hugs 98, OCaml, python, ruby, Rust, scala, sml, g++ Note: This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the erlang-base, erlang-toolbar and related Ubuntu packages using aptitude or synaptic |
FabricDescription: Java-based, federated, distributed language for securely and reliably storing, sharing and computing information TO RUN: athena% add fabric athena% fabc options file.fab (to compile Fabric source file file.fab) athena% fab-store --store store-host-name (to start a store; will leave a running process) athena% fab --name worker-host-name --make-principal store-host-name (to create principal object) athena% fab --name worker-host-name main-class (to start worker) An introductory README is here. There is a local paper (pdf), compiler API documentation, system API documentation and a Fabric page |
FantomDescription: general purpose object-oriented programming language that runs on the JRE and JavaScript. The language supports functional programming through closures and concurrency through the Actor model. Fantom takes a "middle of the road" approach to its type system, blending together aspects of both static and dynamic typing. Graphical applications are supported via the fwt toolkit (fantom widget toolkit) TO RUN: athena% setup fantom athena% fan file.fan (to compile and run fantom script file file.fan, or to build an executable pod file; see documentation for details) athena% fansh (to run interactive fantom shell) athena% fant options (to run fantom tests) athena% flux (to run IDE/editor) There is a Website, cheat sheet, Wikipedia article and local documentation. See also the local README |
fsharpc (F#)Description: compiler and interactive interpreter for F# language, which runs in .NET/mono environments. F# is a variation of the ML functional programming language, with strong similarities to the OCaml dialect TO RUN: athena% add -f mono and run commands below: athena% fsharpc options file.fs (to compile file.fs to bytecode file file.exe) athena% mono file.exe (to execute bytecode file file.exe) athena% fsharpi (to run interactive interpreter) The PowerPack is installed; to use components from it, add option -r Fsharp.PowerPack.dll to fsharpc command lines, or run #r "Fsharp.PowerPack.dll";; when using fsharpi. Depending on your code, you may need to do the same for Fsharp.PowerPack.Compatibility.dll When running applications using the PowerPack, set the MONO_PATH environment variable to /mit/mono/current/arch/${ATHENA_SYS}/lib/mono/4.0 in the shell you launch them from before launch Documentation sites are here and here; there is also the F# Survival Guide |
GambasDescription: language and developement environment similar to, but not an exact clone of Visual Basic. Supports a variety of object-oriented extensions that allow interfacing applications to networking, database, audiovisual and other components (not all of these are available in the version on Athena due to missing dependencies) TO RUN: athena% gambas2 & A documentation site is here Note: This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the gambas2 Ubuntu package using aptitude or synaptic |
gcjDescription: GNU Java compiler TO RUN: athena% gcj -O -o file --main=<main class> options file.java See also: Java Development Kit Note: The gcj compiler is a front-end to the gcc compiler; it compiles your application to an executable binary by default. It can optionally compile to a .class file by using the -C command-line switch. In using the latter, there is also a gij bytecode interpreter that can run classes generated by gcj (it works analogously to Sun's java command). At run time, binaries generated from gcj will need access to libgcc_s.so and libgcj.so libraries supplied with gcj To use older versions in lockers, type add -f gcc-3.4 or add -f gcc-4.0 first |
gdcDescription: native compiler for D language, based on gcc TO RUN: athena% gdc options file.d athena% gdmd options file.d There is a Web page and overview article. D sites on the Web are here and here; local documentations is at file:///usr/share/doc/gdc-4.6/GDC.html See also: cobra, EiffelStudio, gcc, g++, Java Development Kit, mcs (C#) Note: gdmd is a compatibility wrapper for gdc that makes command-line options compatible with the dmd D compiler. This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the gdc Ubuntu package using aptitude or synaptic. |
GDL (IDL clone)Description: command-line interpreter and incremental compiler for the GNU Data Language, which is very similar to the commercial IDL language. Primarily used in scientific and geodata processing applications. Supports graphical output and compatible with many IDL programs TO RUN: athena% gdl (to start the interpreter and reach the GDL> command prompt) GDL> .run myfile (to compile and run a GDL program file myfile.pro) If the runtime prints something like: % Compiled module: MYMODULE. you can execute that particular module by typing: GDL> MYMODULE to run a script batchfile.pro containing batch commands (which is distinct from a GDL program): GDL> @batchfile Typing HELP,/LIB at the GDL> prompt gives a list of functions and procedures. There is a GDL Web page and an introductory tutorial |
ghc (Glasgow Haskell Compiler)Description: compiler and interpreter for Haskell functional programming language. Haskell is a purely functional language, featuring static typing, higher-order functions, polymorphism, type classes and monadic effects TO RUN: athena% ghc options -o file file.hs (to compile source file file.hs to binary executable file) athena% ghci (to start an interactive session in the interpreter) Local documentation is at file:///usr/share/doc/ghc-doc/index.html; there is also an author site and the Haskell Home Page |
GoDescription: compilers for new Go programming language from Google. Go is a systems programming language that incorporates and extends features of various modern languages including C, C++ and Java. There are 2 implementations of these: go in the ggo locker and gccgo in the gccgo Ubuntu package TO RUN: go: athena% setup ggo athena% go run options file.go (to compile and run source file file.go) athena% go build options file.go (to compile source file file.go to binary file) athena% godoc command (for summary information about command. Typing godoc go will print useful information) athena% godoc --http=:6060 (to start a local http server, launch browser at http://localhost:6060/) There is command documentation gccgo: athena% gccgo -L/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/4.6 options -O2 -o file file.go (dynamic link, 32 bit systems) athena% gccgo -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.6 options -O2 -o file file.go (dynamic link, 64 bit systems) There is a Go home page with documentation and a resource site See also: gcc, g++, Java Development Kit, Rust Note: go in the ggo locker is significantly newer (currently at version 1.1) than gccgo in the debathena release (currently at version 1.0) |
gprologDescription: Prolog compiler and interpreter conforming to Prolog ISO standard. Supports Prolog+ programs for constraint solving over finite domains TO RUN: athena% gprolog (for interpreter command-line interface) athena% gplc options -o myfile myfile.pl (to compile source file myfile.pl to binary myfile) There is an author Web page and local online documentation at file:///usr/share/doc/gprolog-doc/gprolog.html/index.html See also: SWI Prolog Note: At the ?- Prolog command prompt, you can load a Prolog program myprog.pl containing facts and rules in the current directory by typing consult(myprog). (without the .pl extension). You can also start entering Prolog statements interactively by typing [user]. instead and entering Prolog code (type ctrl-d to terminate input). To exit Prolog type ctrl-d or halt. at the ?- prompt. Limited editing commands are available within the interpreter environment. This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the gprolog Ubuntu package using aptitude or synaptic. |
Hugs 98Description: interactive programming environment for Haskell 98, the de facto standard for the Haskell functional programming language TO RUN: athena% hugs Typing :set at the Hugs> prompt will display current settings Local html documentation starts at file:///usr/share/doc/hugs/users_guide/index.html; there is also a Hugs home page and the Haskell Home Page See also: Clojure, EiffelStudio, Erlang, ghc, OCaml, sml Note: This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the hugs Ubuntu package using aptitude or synaptic |
JDescription: mathematical programming language that is a synthesis of APL with the FP and FL function-level languages. Incorporates extensive graphics capabilities and various extensions TO RUN: athena% add -f j athena% jgtk & (for graphical interface) athena% jhs (for Web server) athena% jconsole (for command-line console interface) There is a vendor site with Wiki and introduction, a Wikipedia article and local intro guide and J for C programmers Note: It may appear that jgtk pull-down menus are missing on debathena-precise; these have been moved from their usual location at the top of the jgtk window to the top of the display. The -f command line option in the add command is to avoid launching a different jconsole that is part of the JDK. jconsole does not display a command line prompt while running, but indents the cursor by several spaces |
Java Development KitDescription: programming environment for developing applications or applets that are platform and architecture independent, based on a Java Virtual Machine. applications can be run stand-alone with a Java interpreter, but more commonly one uses applets run from within a Java-enabled Web browser such as firefox. javac is a compiler that compiles Java source code into an intermediate bytecode form that can then be interpreted by java (the runtime interpreter). appletviewer is a viewer for applets embedded within an html document. There are multiple versions on Athena, in the Athena release and in various java lockers; the release version may or may not be the same as the "current" version accessible through the java locker. To tell what version is in the release, type java -version without adding or attaching any java lockers. Typing add -f java will use the current version in the java locker, and typing java -version again will tell you what version it is. Java Web Start is a framework that allows launching Java applications directly by clicking on appropriate URLs within Web browsers, provided that a special mime type is configured for this; there is more information about this TO RUN: athena% add -f java (to use the latest production JDK, currently 1.7.0_21; not necessary to use the java version in the debathena release) athena% add -f java_v1.5.0_22 (to use the latest 1.5 JDK 1.5.0_22) athena% add -f java_v1.6.0_38 (to use the latest 1.6 JDK 1.6.0_38) athena% javac myfile.java (creates myfile.class intermediate code from source code file myfile.java) athena% java myfile (interprets intermediate code file generated by the compiler. Do not include the .class extension) athena% appletviewer myfile.html (views applet embedded in an html file) athena% javaws (to launch Java Web Start application manager) There is also:
See Web pages for local JDK 1.7.0 documentation, local JDK 1.6.0 documentation, local JDK 1.5.0 documentation, local JDK 1.4.2 documentation, local Java 3d Documentation; Java tutorials, "Hello, World" in Java, a locally-maintained list of Java resources (currently out of date) and a local documentation starting page (current). A free Web based Java textbook is here, Eckel's Thinking in Java is also available for download, a Java FAQ is also available. For running applets in Web browsers, see Web browser Java plugin issues Java 3d and the Advanced Imaging API are also installed in the current production java locker Applets embedded within html files can be run on any platform that has a Java-aware Web browser, but current releases of Web browsers may not be fully compatible with latest Java features. If this causes problems use appletviewer instead; but note that there may also applet tag incompatibilities between appletviewer and various Web browsers. To use Java Web Start in firefox, navigate to a URL ending with a .jnlp file, and when the dialog asking "what should firefox do..." appears, select "open with", and navigate to /afs/athena/software/java/current/bin/javaws. See also: ant, Clojure, cobra, gcj, Eclipse, gdc, Go, IntelliJ IDEA, JBuilder, jython, Kotlin, mcs (C#), netBeans, python, scala and the javalib locker for examples (look under /mit/javalib/nutshell after attaching the locker), yorick |
jythonDescription: python interpreter that generates Java bytecode- this allows direct access to Java class libraries from within python scripts TO RUN: athena% jython (for an interactive interpreter session) or executable script in jython with first line (jython must be on path for this to work): #!/usr/bin/env jython Local documentation is at file:////usr/share/doc/jython-doc/html/javadoc/index.html, a Jython Website and a tutorial document See also: Clojure, Fantom, Java Development Kit, Kotlin, python, scala, Sikuli Note: jythonc is no longer available. An article detailing workarounds is here |
KotlinDescription: statically typed programming language that compiles to JVM byte codes and JavaScript. It incorporates variable type inference, higher-order functions (closures), extension functions, code in interfaces and first-class delegation TO RUN: athena% add kotlin athena% idea & (to run Kotlin-aware IntelliJ IDEA IDE) athena% kotlinc-jvm options files (to run JVM Kotlin compiler) athena% kotlinc-js options files (to run JS Kotlin compiler) or executable script in Kotlin with first line (kotlin must be on path for this to work): #!/usr/bin/env kotlin There is documentation, API documentation, a home page and important local information See also: Clojure, Fantom, fsharpc, IntelliJ IDEA, Java Development Kit, jython, scala |
logoDescription: Logo programming language; frequently used to introduce programming concepts to young children TO RUN: athena% logo Documentation is at file:///usr/share/doc/ucblogo/html/html/usermanual.html See also: Processing, scheme |
luaDescription: extensible, general-purpose scripting language designed for ease of use TO RUN: athena% lua (to start an interactive session with the interpreter) athena% lua file.lua (to run a lua source script file.lua) athena% lua file.luac (to run a lua bytecode file file.luac) athena% luac -o file.luac file.lua (to compile a lua source script file.lua to bytecode file file.luac) There is a lua home page with online documentation; local documentation starts at file:///usr/share/doc/lua5.1-doc/doc/index.html See also: awk, newLISP, perl, python, ruby, Tcl/Tk Note: bytecode files don't offer significant speedup other than faster loading; they are mostly useful for protecting source code from accidental changes and off-line syntax checking |
mcs (C#, mono programming environment)Description: C# compiler, part of Mono computing environment TO RUN: athena% add -f mono athena% csharp (to run interactive interpreter) athena% mcs options file.cs (to compile C# source file file.cs to CIL byte code file file.exe, 1.x profile and C# 1.0, partial 2.0, 3.0 specifications) athena% dmcs options file.cs (to compile C# source file file.cs to CIL byte code file file.exe, 4.0 profile) athena% gmcs options file.cs (to compile C# source file file.cs to CIL byte code file file.exe, 2.0 profile and C# 3.0 specification) athena% mono options file.exe (to execute CIL byte code file file.exe) The main Mono page is here; documentation starts from here; there are also resource links See also: cobra, Fantom, fsharpc, Gambas, gdc, Java Development Kit, Rust, scala Note: other mono components including the compilers above are also installed in the debathena release; the versions in the mono locker are more recent; the -f switch in the add command ensures that the versions in the mono locker are first in your path. The cobra and F# language compilers are also installed in the mono locker |
nasmDescription: 80x86 assembler designed for portability and modularity. Supports a wide range of object formats and macros. Also supports a variety of variant instructions TO RUN: athena% nasm options file.asm There is local documentation at file:///usr/share/doc/nasm/html/nasmdoc0.html and a home page. A Linux assembly page may also have useful information Note: This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the nasm Ubuntu package using aptitude or synaptic |
newLISPDescription: extensible, embeddable scripting language based on LISP TO RUN: athena% add newlisp athena% newlisp (to start an interactive session with the interpreter) athena% newlispdoc (to generate documentation for newLISP source files in current directory) athena% newlisp-edit (to launch the editor/IDE) There is a newLISP home page with documentation and tutorials; a Wikipedia article; also a local online manual See also: awk, guile, lua, perl, python, ruby, Tcl/Tk Note: newlisp-edit may seem to have missing pull-down menus. They are actually present at the top of the newlisp-edit window, but are very faint due to an unfortunate foreground-background color clash |
OCamlDescription: compiler, interpreter and related utilities for Caml functional programming language TO RUN: athena% ocaml (to start an interactive session) athena% ocamlc -o program program.ml (to generate executable bytecode file program from caml source) athena% ocamlopt options -o program program.ml (to generate binary program from caml source) There is a home page and tutorial starting point; local documentation starts at file:///usr/share/doc/ocaml-doc/ocaml.html/index.html See also: EiffelStudio, Erlang, fsharpc, ghc, Hugs 98, sml Note: bytecode executable files require access to ocamlrun runtime to execute; ocamlc build is configured to find this at /usr/bin/ocamlrun. ocamlopt compiler requires access to system C compiler to create binaries |
perlDescription: general-purpose programming language particularly well suited to system management tasks and as a substitute for shell scripts. Has many built-in functions, particularly for string and text handling TO RUN: athena% perl file.pl or executable script in Perl with first line: #!/usr/bin/env perl There is documentation on the Web for Perl 5; the man page (man perl) will point you to other local documentation |
ProcessingDescription: Java-based programming language and environment for users who want to program images, animation and interactions. Created to teach the fundamentals of programming in a visual context and to serve as a software sketch book and professional production tool TO RUN: athena% add processing athena% processing There is a Processing home page with tutorials and reference documentation See also: logo, scheme, Sikuli, yorick Note: The pull-down menus are in the area just below the title bar but are barely visible due to an unfortunate color combination. If you put the mouse pointer within that area while holding down button 1, the menus will become visible and drop down |
pythonDescription: general-purpose, extensible scripting language TO RUN: athena% python (for interactive mode) athena% ipython (for enhanced interactive shell) ipython is no longer installed, but you can install it from the ipython Ubuntu package using aptitude or synaptic or executable script in Python with first line: #!/usr/bin/env python athena% idle (for GUI interactive shell) The man page (man python) will point you to much detailed documentation There is a Python Website NumPy is a numerical routine package that has been added to the python version in the Athena release. To access routines in the package from the >>> prompt: >>> from numpy import * To get help: >>> help() help> numpy There is a NumPy page with links to documentation and a tutorial SciPy is a package of scientific tools for python depending on numpy. To access routines in the package from the >>> prompt: >>> from scipy import ... (replace ... with routines to import) To get help: >>> help() help> scipy There is a SciPy page with links to documentation and a tutorial matplotlib adds plotting routines to Python. To access routines in the package from the >>> prompt: >>> from matplotlib import ... (replace ... with routines to import) >>> from pylab import * To get help: >>> help() help> matplotlib There is a matplotlib page with links to documentation and a tutorial See also: boost, EiffelStudio, Erlang, gnuplot, GNU Scientific Library, IT++, Java Development Kit, jython, lua, matlab, newLISP, perl, ruby, tecplot, yorick |
racket (formerly plt-scheme)Description: racket Scheme development environment, consisting of a GUI development environment (drracket), command-line interpreter (racket), graphics-capable interpreter (gracket), Scheme compiler (mzc) and help-system interface (plt-help); designed primarily for teaching Scheme programming TO RUN: athena% add -f racket athena% drracket & (to run GUI programming environment) athena% gracket & (to run graphics-capable interpreter) athena% racket (to run command-line interpreter) athena% mzc options file.scm (to compile file.scm) athena% plt-help (to access help system) There is local documentation and a web site "Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs" is here See also: Allegro Common Lisp, Clojure, guile, scheme, SCM Note: add -f is required to access the version in the racket locker instead of the one in the debathena-precise release.The former is likely to be newer |
rubyDescription: general-purpose, object-oriented scripting language TO RUN: athena% ruby ruby_file.rb or executable script in Ruby scripting language with first line: #!/usr/bin/env ruby athena% irb (for interactive mode) Documentation is here See also: EiffelStudio, Erlang, Fantom, lua, newLISP, perl, python, Rust |
RustDescription: compiler and related utilities for the Rust programming language. Rust is a curly-brace, block-structured expression language. It visually resembles the C language family, but differs significantly in syntactic and semantic details. Its design is oriented toward concerns of “programming in the large”, that is, of creating and maintaining boundaries – both abstract and operational – that preserve large-system integrity, availability and concurrency It supports a mixture of imperative procedural, concurrent actor, object-oriented and pure functional styles. Rust also supports generic programming and metaprogramming, in both static and dynamic styles TO RUN: athena% add rust-lang athena% rusti (to launch interactive interpreter) athena% rustc options file.rs (to compile source code file file.rs) athena% rustc (to see command-line options) athena% rust command args (to run command on args; type rust at athena prompt for command summary) There is a local manual and a home page See also: Erlang, Fantom, ghc, g++, Go, mcs, ruby Note: compiled binaries require access to dynamic libraries in the rust-lang lockers at runtime |
scalaDescription: object-oriented, functional and statically typed programming language that interoperates with Java and .NET. scala is extensible and is itself written in Java (and thus requires a JVM to run) TO RUN: athena% scalac file.scala (to compile scala source file to bytecode file file.class) athena% scala file (to run scala class file file.class; as in Java, the .class extension is omitted) athena% scala (for interactive interpreter, :q to exit) There is a website with documentation See also: cobra, EiffelStudio, Erlang, Fantom, fsharpc, Java Development Kit, jython, Kotlin, mcs |
schemeDescription: MIT Scheme, a dialect of Lisp developed for educational applications TO RUN: athena% add scheme_v9.0.1 athena% scheme (to run an interactive scheme session) athena% edwin (to run an edwin editor session) "Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs" is here, and there is html and pdf documentation See also: Allegro Common Lisp, Clojure, guile, Processing, racket, SCM |
SCMDescription: compact, fast command-line Scheme interpreter with SLIB Scheme library TO RUN: athena% scm There is local SCM documentation at file:///usr/share/doc/scm/scm.html, SLIB documentation at file:///usr/share/doc/scm/Xlibscm.html and an SCM page "Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs" is here See also: Allegro Common Lisp, Clojure, guile, racket, scheme Note: This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the scm Ubuntu package using aptitude or synaptic |
SikuliDescription: MIT-developed visual scripting language that allows automated generation and testing of user interfaces TO RUN: athena% sikuli-ide & (to run IDE) athena% sikuli-ide --args arguments -r sikuli script (to run a script on the command line) There is a home page, documentation and a tutorial page See also: jython, Processing Note: This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the sikuli-ide Ubuntu package using aptitude or synaptic. The pull-down menus are in the area just below the title bar but are barely visible due to an unfortunate color combination. If you put the mouse pointer within that area while holding down button 1, the menus will become visible and drop down |
sml (Standard ML of New Jersey)Description: compiler, interactive system and programming environment for the standard ML language TO RUN: athena% add smlnj athena% sml (to start an interactive session) athena% smlemacs (to launch emacs with a built-in sml mode; M-x sml-mode to activate it, C-c C-s <return> will split widow and launch sml in second one) There is an author site and documentation links See also: EiffelStudio, Erlang, fsharpc, ghc, Hugs 98, OCaml |
SWI PrologDescription: ISO compatible Prolog compiler, with various enhancements including a C++ interface, execution profiler and GUI application development environment TO RUN: athena% swipl (for command-line interface) athena% xpce (for interface to GUI system) There is an author Web page, local online reference manual starting at file:///usr/share/doc/swi-prolog-doc/Manual/index.html and user guide starting at file:///usr/share/doc/swi-prolog-doc/UserGuide/index.html See also: gprolog Notes: At the ?- Prolog command prompt, you can load a Prolog program myprog.pl containing facts and rules in the current directory by typing [myprog]. (without the .pl extension). You can also start entering Prolog statements interactively by typing [user]. instead which changes the prompt to |: ( type ctrl-d to terminate entry mode and return to the ?- prompt). To exit Prolog type ctrl-d or halt. at the ?- prompt. Within Prolog, you can invoke the built-in editor to create file myfile by typing set_prolog_flag(editor, pce_emacs). followed by edit(file(myfile)). This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the swi-prolog and swi-prolog-doc Ubuntu packages using aptitude or synaptic |
yorickDescription: interpreted programming language, designed for postprocessing or steering large scientific simulation codes. Smaller scientific simulations or calculations, such as the flow past an airfoil or the motion of a drumhead, can be written as standalone yorick programs. The yorick language is designed to be typed interactively at a keyboard, as well as stored in files for later use. Yorick includes an interactive graphics package TO RUN: athena% yorick There is an author Web page, local documentation starting point at file:///usr/share/doc/yorick-doc/README.html and pdf manual: file:///usr/share/doc/yorick-doc/yorick.pdf.gz See also: cT, euler, GDL, J, Java, Julia, K3DSurf, nickle, PARI/GP, perl, Processing, python, SAGE, SciPy Note: This application is no longer installed. You can install it from the yorick and related Ubuntu packages using aptitude or synaptic |
Debuggers / Development Environments
antDescription: Java build utility, conceptually similar to make TO RUN: athena% ant Requires at least one xml build file (usually named build.xml) in the directory you invoke it from, in addition to your Java source files. Default java used is the one debathena release, but you can change this to the latest java locker version by setting the JAVA_HOME environment variable to /afs/athena.mit.edu/software/java/current/distrib/home There is a development site that includes documentation See also: Java Development Kit, JBuilder, NetBeans |
antlr, antlrworksDescription: antlr is a language tool for constructing recognizers, interpreters, compilers and translators from grammatical descriptions containing actions in a variety of target languages (Java and C are currently supported on Athena). antlrworks is an IDE and debugger for antlr TO RUN: athena% add antlr java version: athena% antlr options file.g (to generate lexer and parser java code from antlr grammar description file file.g) athena% ajavac Main.java fileLexer.java fileParser.java (to build java executable using Main.java as a driver program) athena% ajava Main (to run the compiled executable) C language version: athena% antlr file1.g file2.g (to generate C files file2.c, file1Lexer.c, file1Parser.c) athena% gcc -o Main -O2 Main.c -I. -I/mit/antlr/include file2.c file1Lexer.c file1Parser.c -L/mit/antlr/lib -lantlr3c (to compile to Main) athena% setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /mit/antlr/lib athena% Main input (to run compiled binary Main using input data in input) antlrworks: athena% antlrworks & There is a development site that includes documentation Note: In the launch commands above, antlr is equivalent to java org.antlr.Tool in the antlr documentation, and antlrworks is equivalent to java -jar antlrworks-1.4.3.jar ajavac and ajava are wrappers for invoking javac and java that set an appropriate CLASSPATH before invoking these java commands |
CMakeDescription: cross-platform build system generator. Projects specify their build process with platform-independent CMake listfiles included in each directory of a source tree with the name CMakeLists.txt. Users build a project by using CMake to generate a build system for a native tool on their platform TO RUN: athena% cmake options path-to-source (to run cmake) athena% ccmake options path-to-source (to run ccmake curses interface) ccmake is no longer installed; you can install it from the cmake-curses-gui Ubuntu package using aptitude or synaptic athena% cpack -G generator options (to run packaging program) athena% ctest options (to run the test driver) Running cmake --help-full will print detailed help; there are man pages for cmake and other utilities; html help is available from here; there is a CMake page |
dbx, dbxtoolDescription: Solaris Studio source-level debugging tool for a variety of languages including C, C++, FORTRAN and Java. Use with programs compiled with the -g compiler switch TO RUN: athena% add sunsoft (for default version 7.6) athena% add sunsoft_v12.3 (for version 7.9) athena% dbx file (command-line version) athena% dbxtool & (GUI version) There is a dbx manual, dbxtool tutorial |
EclipseDescription: open, extensible IDE for anything and nothing in particular. One major use is a Java IDE TO RUN: athena% add -f eclipse-sdk athena% eclipse There is a development site, documentation site and FAQs See also: Gambas, IntelliJ IDEA, Java Development Kit, JBuilder, NetBeans, Sun Studio Note: On debathena, there is an older version of Eclipse installed in the release and accessible as /usr/bin/eclipse; the version in the eclipse-sdk lockers is generally newer and also has a variety of preinstalled plugins for MIT users. |
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gdbDescription: gnu C, C++ and FORTRAN dynamic debugger which can attach running processes. Use with programs compiled with the -g compiler switch To run: athena% gdb file(s) athena% man gdb (for help) |
IntelliJ IDEADescription: Java Integrated Development Environment with support for the Kotlin programming language TO RUN: athena% add kotlin athena% idea & There is documentation and a home page See also: Eclipse, Java Development Kit, JBuilder, NetBeans |
JBuilder FoundationNote: (old- last free version that runs on Athena) Description: Java Integrated Development Environment from Borland. Supplied with integrated Java Development Kit and ant TO RUN: athena% add jbuilder athena% jbuilder & There are version 2005 What's New, Release Notes, pdf manuals and a JBuilder page See also: ant, Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, Java Development Kit, NetBeans Note: Jbuilder now comes with an internal ant distribution (currently 1.6.2) |
NetBeansDescription: Java Integrated Development Environment from Oracle TO RUN: athena% add netbeans athena% netbeans & There is a Development site, Knowledge Base See also: ant, Eclipse, Java Development Kit, IntelliJ IDEA, JBuilder, Sun Studio |
Solaris StudioDescription: Oracle integrated program development environment TO RUN: athena% add sunsoft_v12.3 athena% sunstudio & There is Solaris Studio 12.3 documentation and overview |
TotalViewDescription: Fortran, C and C++ debugger particularly well suited for high performance multiprocessor and multithreaded systems TO RUN: athena% add totalview athena% totalview file options (for GUI version) athena% totalviewcli (for command-line version) There is local and vendor site documentation, and a home page. See also: gdb, dbx, ftnchek, lint, valgrind Note: See end of README.athena for note on usage on recent Ubuntu releases |
valgrindDescription: profiler and dynamic memory allocation debugger for Linux programs. Use with programs compiled with the -g compiler switch TO RUN: athena% valgrind options ./binarytotest There is online help, starting from file:///usr/share/doc/valgrind/html/index.html, and an author Website |